The French government has acknowledged providing intelligence to Haftar, whom it considers an important ally in the fight against terrorism. The three share a staunch opposition to the Muslim Brotherhood, whereas the GNA has been accused of aligning itself with some Islamist militants and political factions with links to the Brotherhood. The Gulf oil monarchies — above all, Saudi Arabia — view the kind of political Islam practiced by the Islamist Muslim Brotherhood movement, which is backed by regional arch-rival Qatar, as a threat.
And Riyadh has found a champion in Haftar, who has presented himself as the only line of defense in Libya against Islamists, whom the Gulf countries accuse of sowing chaos during the Arab Spring uprisings that began in Partly trained in the former Soviet Union, Haftar has visited Moscow on several occasions over the years.
The Tripoli government, named the Government of National Accord, controls the capital and some of western Libya. It was set up in by the United Nations under the leadership of technocrat Fayez Sarraj. While officially backed by the U. It also receives aid from Qatar and Italy. His forces draw on Libyan army units, local militias and tribesmen. The escalating campaign has threatened to plunge Libya into violence rivaling the conflict that ousted Gaddafi. Libyan and U. Russia supports Haftar as the stronger militarily and backed by its ally Egypt, said Russian defence analyst Alexei Malashenko.
Turkey is seeking to safeguard its interests in the eastern Mediterranean as part of a broader competition for oil and gas drilling rights with other regional players. These include Greece, Cyprus, and Israel. Ankara recently signed contentious maritime and military cooperation deals with the U.
Despite major maintenance problems still pending, oil production is expected to continue rising in , supporting further economic growth. The agenda for social policy and institutional reform is full and needs urgent attention. Besides peace and stability, the country needs urgent infrastructure investments and an improvement in public service delivery. Technical progress on integrating payrolls of the two former administrations and in reunification of the central bank has continued.
Overall, any potential progress in these areas would be curtailed should the reunification process stall. The World Bank is committed to continue to support Libya with technical assistance and analytical services.
The program was subsequently adjusted to reflect security and political developments. The Bank program focuses on actions that contribute to improving lives and on activities that that improve the data and knowledge base for longer-term engagement with Libya through Advisory Services and Analytics ASA.
The RPBA is an assessment, planning, and coordination exercise to produce one coherent and comprehensive strategic framework for immediate and medium-term recovery and peacebuilding efforts.
The IFC has discussed, in a preliminary manner, creating access to finance for small and medium enterprises, especially those concerned with leasing. It was working to raise awareness of—and provide capacity building for—the financial sector, as well as for private sector participation in infrastructure development, possibly through Public Private Partnerships.
MIGA sent a team to Tripoli in April to explain its role to 45 small- and medium-size enterprises at a public forum. GDP growth is projected to be 0.
This report identifies key factors weighing on Syrian refugees contemplating a return home and analyzes how changing conditions in Syria might affect their decisions. The report outlines a new framework with a three-pronged approach.
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