Pompeii how many people were killed




















Amongst the ruins, particularly in the better-preserved town of Herculaneum, were found mosaics, frescoes, and wooden panels that would have decorated houses. Further investigation of many of the items revealed that they would have been very colourful. Archaeologists uncovering these items detected pigments left on wooden panels, marble statues, and stone carvings.

Using advanced technology, scientists have been able to identify these colours and create digital images of what the items would have looked like in their prime. The ruins of both Herculaneum and Pompeii have revealed a popular pastime of the ancient Romans, visiting brothels.

Both cities were wealthy and with that wealth came extravagances such as fine foods, art, and…prostitutes. Prostitution was legal in these ancient cities and many brothels were built to provide this service. The incredible preservation of both Pompeii and Herculaneum has allowed archaeologists to learn much about how these places would have functioned.

The brothel owners adorned the walls with frescos; fine paintings that depict erotic imagery. These would have been to set the mood and to display a menu of services provided. These frescoes can still be viewed among the ruins today. The brothels and their frescoes were the main reason that Pompeii took so long to be fully discovered.

In an architect named Domenico Fontana came across the ruins, but he covered them back up again! To this day, scientists are finding cultural, architectural and human remains on the banks of Mount Vesuvius. Excavations at thermal baths in Pompeii's ruins in February revealed the skeleton of a crouching child who perished in the 79AD eruption. On August 4, in the year 79AD, Vesuvius erupted in one of the most violent volcanic eruptions in history. It shot stone, ash and volcanic gases as high as 21 miles into the sky at tens of thousands of cubic metres every second.

The thermal energy released was said to be a hundred thousand times that of the nuclear blasts at Hiroshima-Nagasaki. But the theory is not without its dissenters. For more than a century, a percentage of proceeds from National Geographic subscriptions has helped fund exploration around the world. Pyroclastic flows are gravity-driven mixtures of ash, lava blobs, and noxious gases. Pyroclastic surges are much the same but have proportionally more gas. Both flows and surges emerged from Vesuvius during that fateful eruption, and both could have killed people in a range of horrific ways.

Flying debris can hit and slaughter people, and inhaling too much ash or breathing in volcanic gas can cause asphyxiation. The extremely high temperatures can also immediately flash-fry a person to death. Several papers he contributed to, including a study in Nature and another in PLOS ONE in , provided evidence suggesting that ash and gases were not the primary causes of death in the region, as other studies had concluded.

Instead, Petrone argued that it was the heat itself that killed most people, affording them a quick and painless demise. Seated six miles away from the volcano, Pompeii was initially hit by falling volcanic debris, causing houses to collapse and suffocate those inside.

The city was then hit by a particularly gassy pyroclastic surge, which was responsible for the greatest number of fatalities.

See horses found in Pompeii that were likely harnessed to try and flee the eruption. Archaeologists have found that the bodies of the victims here remained largely intact. In Herculaneum and the nearby site of Oplontis, something more disturbing took place.

Researchers point to a dark, reddish residue found on the bones of several victims in Herculaneum. Chemical analysis revealed it to be rich in irons and iron oxides, most likely originating from the blood and bodily fluids of the victims.

Most stayed along the southern Italian coast, resettling in the communities of Cumae, Naples, Ostia and Puteoli, according to a new study that will be published this spring in the journal Analecta Romana.

Pinpointing the refugees' destinations was a huge undertaking, as historical records are spotty and scattered, said study researcher Steven Tuck, a professor and chair of classics at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. To determine where people went, he devised several criteria to look for while combing through the historical record, which included documents, inscriptions, artifacts and ancient infrastructure.

For example, Tuck made a database of family names that were distinct to Pompeii and Herculaneum and then checked whether these names showed up elsewhere after A. He also looked for signs of unique Pompeii and Herculaneum culture, such as the religious worship of Vulcanus, the god of fire, or Venus Pompeiana, the patron deity of Pompeii, that surfaced in the nearby cities after the volcanic eruption.

Public infrastructure projects that sprung up about this time, likely to accommodate the sudden influx of refugees, also provided clues about resettlement, Tuck said.

That's because between 15, and 20, people lived in Pompeii and Herculaneum, and the majority of them survived Vesuvius' catastrophic eruption. One of the survivors, a man named Cornelius Fuscus later died in what the Romans called Asia what is now Romania on a military campaign.



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